Java Scoped Values: A Practical Example
ScopedValue provides a way to share contextual data with methods without passing that data explicitly through every method parameter. A scoped value is bound only while a specific block of code is...
View ArticleGoroutines vs. Virtual Threads: Two Routes to Lightweight Concurrency, a...
Go built its language around message passing from day one. Java spent thirty years on shared memory, then had to retrofit structure onto both. Go shipped goroutines complete in its first public release...
View ArticleJava Compact Source Files: No Class, No Static Main
Java has traditionally required a class and a static main method even for the smallest programs. Java 25 changes this with compact source files and instance main methods, providing a simpler way to...
View ArticleHow to Fix Jackson LocalDate JSON Parse Errors
Jackson is one of the most commonly used libraries for converting JSON data into Java objects and vice versa. When working with Java’s modern date and time API, developers may sometimes encounter an...
View ArticleDB-Scheduler: A Reliable Scheduler for Java
Scheduling background jobs is a common requirement in Java applications. Applications often need to send notifications, generate reports, clean up old data, synchronize information, or execute business...
View ArticleMultiple Dispatch: Julia’s Different Answer to the Expression Problem
Sealed interfaces close the type list. Julia opens it, and the operation list, at once. A recent piece on this site walked through how sealed interfaces and exhaustive switch expressions give Java a...
View ArticleUnderstanding Java AtomicInteger with an Example
When multiple threads access and modify the same variable, unexpected results can occur due to race conditions. A simple int variable is not thread-safe when it is updated concurrently. Java provides...
View ArticleUnderstanding Java Virtual Threads with Example
Virtual Threads are one of the most important improvements to Java concurrency in recent years. They make it possible to run a very large number of concurrent tasks without creating the same number of...
View ArticleChecked Exceptions: The Language Design Debate Java Never Resolved
Why Java stands almost alone among mainstream languages in forcing you to declare or catch certain exceptions, the criticism that shaped C# and Kotlin, and whether the reasoning behind it held up....
View ArticleJava’s Sealed Classes Meet the Visitor Pattern
Replacing a classic GoF pattern with pattern matching: a before and after refactor of a Visitor hierarchy, collapsed into a sealed interface and an exhaustive switch expression. The Visitor pattern has...
View ArticleHow to Switch Between AI Models Automatically
AI applications do not always need the same language model for every request. A simple factual question may only require a small, fast model, while a request involving multiple constraints, reasoning...
View ArticleIntelligent Document Processing with Apache Camel, Docling & LangChain4j
Enterprise applications often need to process large numbers of documents such as PDFs, invoices, manuals, reports, and policy documents. Extracting text from these documents is only the first step; the...
View ArticleLLM Tool Call Reasoning with Embabel AI
Large language models become significantly more useful when they can interact with external tools instead of only generating text. A model can decide that it needs information from a database, an API,...
View ArticleIntroduction to HyDE: Hypothetical Document Embeddings for RAG
Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has become one of the most common approaches for building AI applications that need to work with external or private knowledge. Instead of asking an LLM to answer a...
View ArticleHaskell’s Monads Outside Academia: A Plain-Language Guide
Ask ten developers what a monad is, and you will likely get ten different answers, most of them nervous. The word carries a reputation for being abstract, mathematical, and mostly useless outside of...
View ArticleG1’s Own Throughput Fix: JEP 522 and the Quiet Death of “G1 Trades Throughput...
For a decade and a half, “G1 gives up some throughput for lower pause times” has been treated as a law of nature rather than an engineering choice. JEP 522 shipped in JDK 26 and quietly demonstrated...
View ArticleIntroduction to Apache Causeway
Building an enterprise application often involves implementing the same infrastructure repeatedly: domain objects, user interfaces, validation, persistence, navigation, and business operations. Apache...
View ArticleNull Safety and the Billion-Dollar Mistake
Tony Hoare spent one sentence apologizing for the null reference and the software industry has spent six decades cleaning up after it. Kotlin, Java, and Rust each answer his mistake with a genuinely...
View ArticleLLM-as-a-Judge with Spring AI Recursive Advisors
Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used not only to generate content, but also to evaluate the output produced by other models. This technique is commonly known as LLM-as-a-Judge. Spring...
View ArticleLLM Integration: Apache Camel & OpenAI Component
Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly becoming part of enterprise applications. However, integrating an LLM into an existing application is not only about invoking an API. Enterprise...
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